New Insights into the Amati Relation of Gamma-Ray Bursts

Recent research has examined the Amati relation, which connects the energy output of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) to their peak luminosity, using data from the Hubble Space Telescope and the Pantheon+ sample. This study, titled "Detection of gamma-ray burst Amati relation based on Hubble data set and Pantheon+ samples," was conducted by Yufen Han and colleagues and was submitted to arXiv on August 24, 2024.

The researchers focused on a sample of higher-quality GRBs, specifically the A118 sample, within a redshift range of z < 1.965. They employed Gaussian processes to create Hubble diagrams that do not rely on specific cosmological models, enhancing the accuracy of their calibration.

The findings indicate that the standard Amati relation remains the most fitting empirical luminosity formula for the GRB A118 sample. The study did not find evidence of redshift evolution in the Amati relation at a 68% confidence level. However, for alternative Amati relations that included redshift evolution terms, the coefficients deviated from zero, though the sample size limitations prevented definitive conclusions at the 1 sigma level.

This research is significant as it provides a more refined understanding of GRBs as standard candles for cosmological measurements, which could impact how we measure cosmic distances and understand the expansion of the universe. The study's results may also influence future research on the properties of GRBs and their role in cosmology.

For further details, the full paper can be accessed at arXiv:2408.13466.