New Model Explores Neutron Stars in the Search for Axion Dark Matter

Recent research led by Javier De Miguel has proposed a new model for detecting axion dark matter using neutron stars. The study, titled "Retuning the radio astronomical search for axion dark matter with neutron stars," presents findings that suggest the emission from axion-to-photon conversion can be observed in the ultrarelativistic plasma of neutron stars. This model indicates that the spectral features associated with axion-induced emissions may shift due to the acceleration and multiplicity of charges within these stars.

The implications of this research are significant. The frequency range of interest for detecting these emissions has broadened, allowing for the possibility of identifying heavier dark matter axions. These axions could resonate in magnetospheric splits, producing detectable radio signals that may extend into the millimeter band. This advancement raises the potential for probing axion dark matter with masses up to approximately one millielectronvolt.

The findings of this study could enhance our understanding of dark matter, a fundamental component of the universe that remains largely mysterious. By utilizing neutron stars as a means to explore axion dark matter, researchers may uncover new insights into the nature of dark matter and its role in the cosmos. The study was submitted on January 24, 2023, and is available on arXiv under the identifier arXiv:2301.10144.